Volume 5, No.2
Adie, Linus Akomaye, Ukonze, Juliana Adimonye, Ben, Camilus Bassey
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine entrepreneurship inclusive skills required in agricultural software
development for sustainable workforce in Cross River State, Nigeria. Three research questions were posed and two
hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population
of the study was 200 consisting computer software experts. Random sampling technique was used for the study. A
total of 120 subjects were involved in the study. A researcher structured questionnaire was the instrument used for
data collection. The validation of the instrument duly carried out by computer education lecturers from University
of Uyo. Mean, standard deviation and population t-test were the statistical tools used for data analysis. The findings
revealed that the following inclusive skills: communication, empathy, and cultural awareness were significantly
required in agricultural software development. The findings also revealed that entrepreneurship in software
development for soil analysis, irrigation management, livestock management, and crop management were
significantly required by agricultural education graduates for sustainable Agricultural workforce in Cross River State,
Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that entrepreneurship training on
software development and sales of Apps should be introduced into entrepreneurship programmes of Colleges of
Education and Universities in Cross River State, Nigeria.
Key Words: Inclusive Skills, Entrepreneurship, Agricultural software, Sustainable agriculture
Eze, Godwin Emeka; Ugwuoke, Cajethan Uche; Omeje, Benedicta & Uwadiegwu, Jacinta C.
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the occupational accident in secondary school farm; causes and strategies in Udi Local Government Area of Enugu State. Five research questions guided the study. Survey research design was adopted for the study. Five well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data and the collected data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The primary data used in this study were obtained from a total population of 350 agricultural science teachers, students and principals in the 35 public secondary schools in Udi Local Government Area of Enugu state. Since the population was manageable, no sampling was done. The study was validated by three experts in agricultural education department. The study revealed that there are 11 forms of Occupational Accidents in Secondary School farms, 14 Causes of Occupational Accidents in Secondary School farms, 13 effects of occupational Accidents in Secondary School farms, 10 teacher-related measures for reducing occupational Accidents in Secondary School farms, and 11 students-Related measures for reducing occupational Accidents. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended among others that the school administration and Agricultural science teachers should ensure proper supervision during practical sessions in the school farm. Parents should be encouraged to provide for their wards personal safety wears for their practical farm work especially those not too expensive to procure.
Keywords: Occupational Accident, School Farm, Causes and Strategies, Secondary School.
GONTUR, Silas & TUAMYIL, Betzoom Rufina
Abstract
The need for business education graduates and students (would-be-graduates) to integrate properly into the world of work, in the contemporary business world to avert unemployment necessitated the study. The study adopted a survey research design. All the business education graduates who were entrepreneurs in the Plateau State constituted the population. Purposive sampling was used to select entrepreneurs (business education graduates) who were 240 managers of their businesses and had existed for five years and above. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire that had been modified from earlier studies and had a reliability coefficient of 0.76. Arithmetic mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, and the t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that business education graduates needed to possess the following competencies for effective entrepreneurial development: strategic competency, conceptual competency, opportunity competency, opportunity, learning competency, and personal competency. The results also showed that there were no gender-related differences in the respondents' mean ratings of the strategic, conceptual, opportunity, learning, and personal entrepreneurial competencies needed for entrepreneurial development. It was concluded that business education graduates and students make an effort to imbibe and utilise the recognised entrepreneurial competencies for their own personal growth in order to avoid unemployment
Keywords: Business education, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurial competencies, Entrepreneurial development, Graduates
Ibrahim Haruna Bako, Yusmarwati Binti Yusof
Abstract
The study was carried out to find out the relationship between demographic variables and emotional intelligence in employability skills of Electrical/electronic technology graduates in north western Nigeria. One research question was formulated and one null hypothesis was developed withing the research question for the study. Descriptive research design was adopted using quantitative approach with questionnaire for the study. The study population were final year students of Electrical/electronic technology from universities offering technical education in Northern Nigeria. A total population of 112 electrical/electrical technology students were used for the study, the whole population was used because of its manageable size. The instrument was validated by experts and the reliability coefficient value of 0.91 was obtained using Cronbach alpha reliability method. The data collected for the study were analysed using regression analysis to find the relationship between demographic variables and emotional intelligence in employability skills of Electrical/electronic technology in Northern Nigeria. The result of the model’s parameters (Beta values) and significance values in the analysis indicated that the influence of Age, Gender, Qualifications, types of university and Locations of Electrical/electronic technology graduates on their emotional intelligence competency is not significant (p>0.05). The study recommended that the 21st century labour employers should not consider Age, Gender, Qualifications, types of university and Locations as a barrier prerequisite for employment of electrical electronics technology graduates with emotional intelligent competence, as indicated in the result of the study finding that those variables has no significant relationship with respect to the emotional intelligence competence of electrical/electronic technology graduate in north western Nigeria.
Keywords; Electrical/electronic technology, Emotional Intelligence, Demographic variables.
MATHIAS, Augustine; Alkali, M. (PhD); & Yabo, Kambai
Abstract
This study focuses on harnessing ICT as a transversal skills approach in transforming food security for smallholder farmers in Kaduna State, Nigeria, from the perspective of extension agents. The research questions focus on the current level of ICT skills among extension agents, the challenges they face, the benefits and opportunities they perceive, and the necessary resources for effective implementation. The study adopted descriptive survey research design using a structured questionnaire to collect data from 100 extension agents. The study used Mean and standard deviation in data analysis. The study concluded that the current level of ICT skills among extension agents working with smallholder farmers in Kaduna State is low. The majority of the surveyed extension agents lack adequate ICT skills, which hinders their ability to utilize ICT tools and services for improving food security. Additionally, various challenges and barriers were identified, highlighting the difficulties faced by extension agents in harnessing ICT as transversal skills for enhancing food security among smallholder farmers in the state. Harnessing ICT skills across different aspects of food security through mobile applications, online platforms, and agricultural databases offers a means to deliver real-time information, weather updates, improved access to relevant agricultural knowledge, enhanced decision-making capabilities, and increased market opportunities for smallholder farmers will transform food security. The study recommended that Kaduna state government and non-governmental organizations should embark on capacity building programs for extension agents, aimed at enhancing their ICT skills and knowledge across all aspects of food security, efforts should be made by government and NGOs to ensure that extension agents and smallholder farmers have access to the necessary resources and infrastructure required for effective implementation of ICT-based solutions among others.
Keywords: ICT, Transversal Skills, Food, Security
INTEGRATING GREENING PRACTICES FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Dr. Maureen A. Madu, Moses Theresa Kaliyat & Iwuchukwu Ugochi Juliet
Abstract
Nigeria, as a rapidly developing nation, faces the urgent need for sustainable economic growth while mitigating the adverse environmental impacts of industrialization. The integration of greening practices not only promotes environmental conservation but also leads to long-term economic development and social well-being. This paper discussed the concept of greening practices, the concept of entrepreneurship, the roles of greening practices to development and growth of Nigeria, and the benefits of integrating greening practices. This paper also discussed the current environmental challenges faced by the country. The discussion then delves into specific areas where greening practices can be incorporated, including renewable energy, waste management, sustainable agriculture, and eco-friendly manufacturing. Furthermore, this paper explored the roles of government policies in facilitating the adoption of greening practices. Conclusively, integrating greening practices into entrepreneurship is essential for Nigeria's sustainable growth and development. By adopting sustainable practices, entrepreneurs can contribute to environmental conservation, access new markets, and foster economic growth. Moreover, integrating greening practices promotes social well-being, improves public health, and reduces inequalities. It was recommended that of collective efforts from entrepreneurs, policymakers, and citizens should be directed towards fostering a greener and more prosperous Nigeria. Furthermore, government authorities, entrepreneurs, and stakeholders should collaborate in creating an enabling environment for sustainable entrepreneurship through greening practices in Nigeria.
Keywords: Integrating, Greening practices, Entrepreneurship, Growth and Development
Ugorji, Njideka Chinwe & Associate Professor Ifeanyieze
Abstract
This study examined the effectiveness of flip classroom and project method instructional delivery on students' academic performance in fishery in Universities in South East Nigeria. Quasi experimental design was adopted. Five objectives were formulated. Five research questions were formulated and five null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The population was made up of 919 students from five federal, five state and nine private universities in South East Nigeria. The sample for the study was 87 which comprised of 33 males and 54 females. The study focused on the five federal universities that offer fishery from the nineteen universities in the South East. Simple random sampling technique was used to select two universities out of the 5 federal universities in South East that was studied. These universities were the University of Nigeria, Nsukka (30) and Federal University of Technology, Owerri (57). Fishery cognitive performance test (FCPT); Fishery Psychomotor Performance Test (FPPT), and Fishery Interest Inventory (FII) were used for data collection. The instruments were validated by five experts from the University of Nigeria Nsukka and 87 copies were distributed through direct delivery technique with the help of three research assistants and 100 percent return rate was recorded. The reliability was obtained using Kuder Richardson formula 20(K-R 20) with internal consistency of 0.791 for FCPT, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) was used to find the coefficient of stability of the FCPT at 0.766 and Cronbach Alpha method was used to determine the internal consistency of FPPT and FII which yielded 0.824 for FPPT and 0.716 for FII. The data obtained were analysed using mean, standard deviation and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The result favoured those taught with flip classroom method.
Keywords: Fishery, Academic performance, Flip classroom and Project instructional delivery method
DEMAND-DRIVEN BUSINESS EDUCATION CURRICULUM: PANACEA FOR SUSTAINABLE WORKFORCE IN NIGERIA.
NNAMANI VICTORIA O.
Abstract
Business Education in Nigeria has been misinterpreted by so many as just education for and about Business. It is seen and explained by so many as education that train business educators. Since the world is being transformed digitally there is need for Demand Driven business education curriculum to be redesigned to be able to produce graduates who can transform what was learnt in school to place of employment for sustainable workforce in Enugu State, Nigeria. This study examined the need for demand-driven Business Education curriculum in public universities for training- to- employment for sustainable workforce in Enugu State. Since curriculum covers entire course of study in school, there is need for business education curriculum designer and policy makers to fashion out demand- driven curriculum in business education that equip the graduates of business education for living productive and useful lives in this contemporary society and to make them fit in the competitiveness of the global market. This paper also examined the curriculum development in Business education- meaning, importance , types; curriculum implementation, challenges of implementing Business education curriculum and some strategies for effective implementation of Business education curriculum.
Curriculum, Demand –Driven Curriculum, Business Education, Panacea and Sustainable Workforce
Nwali Evaristus Ogochukwu.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the skills in agricultural education as a panacea for food production and sustainability in Nigerian Correctional Centres. The study was conducted in four correctional farm centres under two Zones of the Correctional Service namely Zone G and Zone E which are located at Benin City, Edo State and Irete, Imo State respectively, all in Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design with a sample of 120 staff. The copies of the questionnaire were administered to the respondents. Data collected were analyzed using percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The Correctional farm centres in Ibite-olo, Orreh, Ozzalla and Elele were visited for this work., It was observed that majority of the staff in these farm centres are within the active age of 25-50 years, which made it possible for these staff to fit in properly in the activities going on in the farm centres. The findings of the study revealed among others that the skills in agriculture are needed in the correctional farm centre since most of the staff who are supposed to impart these skills are found wanting in the skills needed in farming activities. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others, that Nigerian correctional service, should recruit applicants with skills in Agriculture in their farm centres for proficiency and productivity of inmates.
Keywords: Food, Sustainability, Agriculture Education, Correctional Farm, Correctional Staff
NWOKE, OKECHUKWU SIMON, AKAH, MARYRITA NNENNA
Abstract
Inclusive and entrepreneurship development in Educational Technology programme has become a veritable tool to equip our graduates with entrepreneurial skills. This is in order to enable them fit into the 21 century global system workforce. The program targets graduates who need Entrepreneurship development using educational technology (EduTech) to acquire a range of skills essential for success in today's rapidly changing economy which include digital literacy, online marketing, data analysis, web development and creative problem-solving. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the study is 102 subjects. The population comprised 82 Final-Year students of Faculty of Vocational and Technical Education, University of Nigeria Nsukka and 20 lecturers in the Faculty of Vocational and Technical Education, University of Nigeria Nsukka Enugu State. Due to the manageable size of the population, there was no sampling as the entire population was used for the study. A 25 item questionnaire was developed to obtain data for the study. A 5-point Likert scale was used to develop the questionnaire. The scale for the questionnaire was Strongly Agree (SA) - 5, Agree (A) - 4, Undecided (UD) – 3, Disagree (D) - 2 and Strongly Disagree (SD) - 1. The questionnaire was face validated by three experts from the Faculty of Vocational and Technical Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while the Cronbach alpha was used to determine internal consistency of the instrument. A reliability coefficient of 0.85 was obtained for the instrument. Arithmetic mean of 3.50 was used to interpret the analyzed data. An item with a mean of 3.50 and above was accepted, while items having their mean below 3.50 were rejected while t-test was used for testing the null hypothesis at probability of 0.05 level of significance and relevant degree of freedom. The findings of this study showed that entrepreneurship education has significant effects on graduates in EduTech fitting into the global 21 century workforce. The study recommends that Ministry of Education should create an inclusive environment that supports the development of entrepreneurial skills that connect the graduates with relevant resources and networks in promoting entrepreneurship skill development in educational technology.
Keywords: Education, Entrepreneurship, Inclusive Skills, Technology.
INFLUENCE OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN LEARNING PROCESS AT THE SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL
Nwosu Ogochukwu Fidelia, Chilaka Akuchinyere Eunice
Abstract
This paper focuses on influence of educational technologies at secondary school level in Nsukka education zone. The purpose was to investigate how instructional technologies affect learning process on secondary school pupils in Nsukka education zone. The study described the function of educational technology, educational technology demands, educational technology impact, and educational technology effectiveness. 120 copies of questionnaires were administered to 15 administrators, 30 and 75 pupils in 15 selected secondary schools in Nsukka education zone, of which all were completed and returned. The findings of this study showed that the emerging technologies are effective in the learning process of Secondary School pupils in Nsukka Education Zone. However, students are faced with problems in having access and use of emerging technologies. The study found that no educational technology was utilized in science practicals, no overhead projector or instructional television was used, and no educational excursions or exhibitions were planned. In addition, there is a scarcity of qualified educational technologists. According to the study, the secondary schools in Nsukka Educational Zone will experience an increase in creativity if the inadequate resources that are now available are used effectively and ineffective management is corrected.
Keyword: Influence, Educational Technology, Learning Process, Secondary School
Dr. Damian Kanayochukwu Ogbu, Dr. Hyginus Osita Omeje, Dr. Godwin Keres Okoro Okereke, Ezugwu Cosmas Ikechukwu
Abstract
The study was carried out to determine the influence of Sense of Self and Emerging Technologies on Entrepreneurship Intentions of Blocklaying, Bricklaying and Concreting (B/BC) students in Technical Colleges in Enugu State. The study adopted correlation survey design. The population for the study was 142, made up of NTC III students. As a result of the manageable number of the respondents no sampling was made. Blocklaying, Bricklaying and Concreting Students Entrepreneurship Intentions Questionnaire (BBCSEIQ) was used for data collection. The 40 items on the questionnaire were rated on a five-point Likert scale ranging from Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree. The BBCSEIQ was validated by three experts. Cronbach alpha reliability technique was used to determine the internal consistency of the instrument. The overall reliability coefficient was 0.75. Copies of the questionnaire were administered by the researcher. One hundred percent of the questionnaires were returned. The data collected were analyzed using bivariate correlation for research questions. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to interpret data for testing the null hypotheses. Three research questions were answered while three null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The statistical package employed was SPSS software. The findings of the study revealed moderate significant influence of sense of self on entrepreneurship intentions of BBC students in Technical Colleges,(r=.234, N=142, p<0.05), emerging Technologies has a moderate significant influence on entrepreneurship intentions of BBC students in Technical Colleges (r=.417, N=142, P<0.05) and a moderate significant influence of sense of self and emerging technology (r,=.449,N=142, p<0.05) on entrepreneurship intentions of B/BC students of Technical Colleges. It was recommended therefore that B/BC students should be introduced to more entrepreneurship classes using new technologies. The duties of the college guidance counselor should be stepped up to help the students get necessary stimulation to think positively towards venturing in entrepreneurship.
Keywords: sense of self, emerging technologies, entrepreneurship, intentions
Ven. Dr. Oguejiofor Victor Ikechukwu, Dr. Anthony Osita Ezeama, Dr. Omego Godfrey Nwabueze & Udogu Kingsley Chimezia
Abstract
The study is a survey research design conducted to investigate core technical skills needed by automobile technology education students for self-employment in Enugu and Anambra States. The study was conducted at Enugu and Anambra States. The population for the study was 35 respondents comprising of ten automobile technology lecturers and twenty-five automobile technology practitioners. The instrument for data collection was structured questionnaire constructed by the researchers. The return rate of the instrument was 100%. Three experts chosen among automobile technology lecturers and automobile technology practitioners in the study areas validated the instruments. A pilot study was conducted and Cronbach Alpha reliability indices of the instrument yielded 0.83 using SPSS version 22. This showed that the instrument was reliable and appropriate for administration. Four research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t-test was employed to test the null hypotheses at .05 level of significance. The study found that automobile technology education students needed all indentified core technical skills to great extent for self-employment and job creation. There was no significant difference between the mean responses of automobile technology lecturers and automobile technology practitioners on core technical skills that students needed for self-employment and job creation. The study recommended among other things that technical education administrators and curriculum developers in automobile technology education should revisit the curriculum and inculcate in the curriculum core technical skills for self-employment and job creation. In conclusion, the study showed that automobile technology education need core technical skills to a great extent for self-employment in automobile technology. Therefore, automobile technology education lecturers should be ready for core technical skills development in automobile technology to enhance self-employment among automobile technology education students upon graduation.
Keywords: Automobile, self–employment, technical skills, technology education
Ogumbe Boniface Ekwok & Arikpo Sampson Venatius
Abstract
This study examined the importance of entrepreneurship Development needs of Graduates of Metalwork Technology in the three educational institutions in Cross River State for Economic Empowerment and self-reliance. Entrepreneurship Development is a process of helping people get more knowledge about starting a business. Also help current business owners access their expertise and experience and learn fresh idea, methods and concept of their business. The study was guided by three specific purposes, three research questions and corresponding hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised 130 self-employed graduates. The entire population was used for the study. A structured questionnaire with 16 items designed by the researcher was used for data collection. Percentage count was used to answer the research questions while Pearson product moment correlation coefficient analysis was employed to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that graduate of Metalwork Technology had entrepreneurship knowledge and skills that can influence job creation for Economic Empowerment and self-reliance. Based on the findings, it was concluded that entrepreneurship knowledge and skills acquisition had effect on entrepreneurship Development for Economic Empowerment and self-reliance among graduates of metal technology in Cross River State. It was recommended among others that; Graduates at all levels should be encouraged to acquire relevant entrepreneurship skills that would make them self-reliance and employer of labour.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship development, metalwork technology, economic empowerment and self-reliance
Ojomu Adeniyi Andrew, Okwo Chinyere R., Onah Frederick Chinedu Ibekwe Nnamdi Franklyn, Okoruwa Jane Idiaghe & Adiagwai Fidelia
Abstract
This study identified entrepreneurial skills required by secondary school graduates in cucumber production in Enugu and Benin Cities in Nigeria. Descriptive research design was used for the study. Three research questions were answered for the study. The population for the study was Agricultural Science Teachers and Agricultural Extension Officers in Enugu and Benin City. The sample for the study was 120 respondents made up of 80 Agricultural Science Teachers and 40 Agricultural Extension Officers which was drawn using random sampling technique. A 36-item structured questionnaire titled: Cucumber Production Questionnaire (CPQ) was used to collect data for the study. The instrument was validated by three experts. Cronbach Alpha method was used to determine the internal consistency of the instrument which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.80. The data collected were analyzed using weighted mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions. It was found that secondary school graduates in Enugu and Benin Cities, Nigeria require 13 entrepreneurial skills in pre-planting and planting operations for cucumber production, 8 entrepreneurial skills in post-planting operations for cucumber production and 14 entrepreneurial skills in harvesting/handling and marketing operations for cucumber production. From the findings of this study, it was concluded that all the items identified except one were above the cut-off mark of 2.50. This indicated that secondary school graduates in Enugu and Benin City required the identified entrepreneurial skills for cucumber production in alleviating poverty and attaining food security. This can help the graduates to reduce the effects of dependency on their parents as well as making them to be self-reliant. It was therefore recommended among others that entrepreneurial skills identified by this study in cucumber production should be used to train secondary school graduates and other students and farmers for their employment as cucumber producers, integrating the identified skills into the curriculum of Agricultural Science for secondary schools for the purpose of adequate skill acquisition upon graduation and replicating this study by researchers at state or federal levels for the purpose of generalization.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial Skills, Secondary School Graduates, Cucumber Production, Food Security.
Okereke Godwin Keres Okoro, Uzochukwu Silba Ifeanyichukwu, Akah Maryrita Nnenna, Alhamdu Samaila, Mangkut Zephaniah and Okereke, Joy Anuri.
Abstract
This study examined "corporate social responsibility (CSR) and entrepreneurship development in Technical Vocational Educational and Training (TVET) for sustainable workforce in knowledge-based economy". Two specific purposes and two research questions guided the study. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The study was conducted in two public tertiary institutions in Enugu state 'UNN and ESUT'. The population of the study comprises of 246 lecturers and students in the faculty of vocational technical education. No sample was taken since the population was of a manageable size. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire designed on a 5-point scale. The questionnaire was face-validated by three experts in VTE. The reliability was determined using Cronbach Alpha coefficient which yielded grand mean of .85%. Data collection was carried out by the researcher and three research assistants. Mean and standard were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that (1) CSR has significant positive effect on employment generation, and (2) there is a significant positive relationship between CSR and capacity development. The study concluded that CSR is a veritable tool for achieving entrepreneurship development which is profitable for a country's growth and development. The study recommended that (1) government should encourage entrepreneurship by creating a business-friendly environment, and promoting ease of doing business, and (2) management of organizations should constantly comply with their CSR obligations to ensure vocational institutions are strongly supported to further equip more people with knowledge and skills that will impact positively on the economy of the country.
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Entrepreneurship Development, TVET, Sustainable Workforce, Knowledge-based Economy
PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF GRUEL PRODUCED FROM SELECTED LOCAL FOOD ITEMS IN NIGERIA.
Okereke, I. F., Ezema, P.N. and Okoye, C.J.
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to produce gruel from selected local food items and determine the proximate composition of the product. The study adopted an experimental design. The gruel was produced from nine local ingredients, which include maize (yellow), millet (brown), sorghum, soyabean, groundnut, tiger-nut, date palm, unripe plantain and crayfish. The proximate properties of the sample determined were moisture, ash, crude protein, fat, carbohydrate, crude fibre and energy (kcal). The result showed that the energy value was high and it was significantly different from the other values. The energy value 0.04 (p<0.05) was slightly different from the other values. There was no significant difference in the moisture, fat and crude fibre contents, their ranges were 0.02 (p<0.05) while ash had the least value of 0.01 (p<0.05). The protein content was also high and this could be attributed to the presence of crayfish, soybean and tiger-nut. In conclusion, formulation of the gruel was found to be nutritionally rich and good for all age groups. Therefore, consumption of this gruel will protect human body from several diseases as the gruel supplies most of the essential nutrients.
Keyword: Gruel, Maize, Millet, Groundnut, Tiger-Nut, Date Palm, Unripe Plantain, Proximate Composition.
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF SUPERVISION OF VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION LECTURERS IN ABIA STATE
Oketoobo Emmanuel Akintunde (Ph.D), Ubah Georgiana Ngozi (Ph.D), Isiwu, Edward Chukwuka
Abstract
This study examined the challenges and prospects of supervision of vocational agricultural education lecturers in Abia State. Three research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. The design of the study was survey research design. The population of the study is 50 respondents. The sample size for the study is 50 respondents from selected universities in Abia State, Nigeria. The researcher adopted census sampling technique for the study. A 27 – items questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents. The instrument was validated by three (3) experts from Department of Agricultural Education in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. The instrument was administered by the researchers and two research assistants who were brief for the purpose. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer research questions while t-test was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that adequate supervision stimulates lecturers, motivates lecturers to function effectively and assist them to carry out necessary activities as stipulated in the curriculum. It was concluded that supervision of agricultural education lecturers will improve the study of agricultural education. The finding of the study also revealed that there are various solutions to the challenges confronting the supervision of vocational agricultural education in Abia State. The study recommended that government should make policies that will regulate the supervision of vocational agricultural education. Also, supervisors of vocational agricultural education should afford themselves the opportunity to attend workshops that will build their capacity in the supervision of vocational agricultural education.
Keyword: Education, Vocational Agricultural Education, Challenges and Supervision
ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND INCLUSIVE SKILLS: A CONUNDRUM FOR FOOD SECURITY
BENSON O. OKORO
Abstract
The universalization of entrepreneurship development, inclusive (leadership) skills and food security will remain evasive in the absence of learning organizations. The application of modern leadership in every organization, through focus on result, collaboration, commitment to continuous learning, employee empowerment and openness to change is vital. The paper was aimed at examining entrepreneurship development and inclusive skills: A conundrum for food security. The study was contextualized on Peter Sengel's theoretical framework of learning organizations. A qualitative approach was adopted to carry out the study. The main objective of the study was to determine the role of inclusive skills on entrepreneurship development process and their collaborative effect on food security. There was however a concomitant relationship between entrepreneurship development and inclusive (leadership) skills, and their significant effect on food security.
Key words: Entrepreneurship development, Entrepreneurship, Inclusive (leadership) skills, Conundrum, Food security
ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN HUMAN KINETICS AND SPORTS FOR SUSTAINABLE WORKFORCE
Oyigbo Melitus A., Dr. Saint Ngwoke & Moses Emmanuel Musa
Abstract
Entrepreneurial skills are skills related to identifying business opportunities and receiving a sustainable income from these opportunities. Sports and human kinetics have a lot of potential for the improvement of entrepreneurship for unemployed youth. This paper explains the concept and highlighted possible areas in sport and human kinetics education programme currently offered in Nigerian schools that when well implemented could create a lot of entrepreneurs in Nigeria in the Sports Sector. The present curriculum content of human kinetics and sports are capable of satisfying entrepreneur skills acquisition at all levels of educational endeavour. Some suggested areas include design and production of sports wears, construction of sports equipment including those for persons with disabilities, construction of pitches, designing keep fit programme, designing and construction of indoor recreational activities, design and construction of instructional materials, computer games, creating internet site for sport and dancing skills or calisthenics. The relationship between sport entrepreneurship and sustainable development was determined by examining sport based entrepreneurial opportunities that Universities can undertake for developing skills and empowering their immediate environment financially and extending to the Nigerian society in general.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Human Kinetics, Skills, Sports based, Sustainable development
REENGINEERING BUSINESS PROCESS THROUGH SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP
TUAMYIL, Rufina Betzoom, Gontur Silas
Abstract
This study examined reengineering business process through sustainable entrepreneurship. The study adopted Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with the aid of SmartPLS v. 4.0 application software package to examine the relationship between the constructs. Assessment of internal consistency with emphasis on composite reliability coefficient of at least 0.7 such as 0.885, 0.850, 0.908 and 0.853 for organization's structural factor, procedural factor, technological factor and sustainable entrepreneurship greater than Cronbach Alpha coefficient of 0.828, 0.766, 0.864 and 0.772 respectively. The results indicated that organization's structural had no significant relationship with sustainable entrepreneurship; procedural factor had a significant relationship with sustainable entrepreneurship and technological factor had a significant relationship with sustainable entrepreneurship. The results revealed that an increase in organization's structural factor led to a decrease in sustainable entrepreneurship, an increase in procedural factor led to an increase in sustainable entrepreneurship while an increase in technological factor led to an increase in sustainable entrepreneurship. The study recommended that management of Business organizations need to rethink about the flexibility of their organizational structure. This will facilitate the transformation toward work teams as an effective method of doing business, shortening the time for transactions completion time, enhancing employees' performance level, boosting service delivery, and that will consolidate the competitive advantage of the firm. Business organization management should be called on to adopt appropriate methodologies for conducting a change in their business activities in response to the needs of the environmental changes or the internal needs of their organizations. Management of modern Business organizations should capitalize their incredible technological development to increase their productive capacity and improve the quality of their outputs.
Keywords: Reengineering business process, Sustainable entrepreneurship, organization's structural factor, procedural factor, technological factor.
ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIALS ADOPTED BY FARMERS IN SNAIL MARKETING IN ENUGU STATE, SOUTH EAST NIGERIA
Sandra Nkolika Victor, Linus Unim Ikong, Patrick Lorkyaan Atser & Dr. Hyginus O. Omeje
Abstract
This study identified entrepreneurial potentials adopted by farmers and marketers in snail marketing in Enugu State, South East Nigeria. The study was guided by two specific purposes, two corresponding research questions were posed and one hypothesis was postulated for the study. The t-test was used to test the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance with the help of SPSS version 20 to ensure accuracy in the analysis. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population for the study was 180. Thirty (30) snail marketers from urban areas and thirty (30) snail markers from the rural areas were sampled using purposive Sampling method. The area of study is Enugu State. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researcher and titled; Entrepreneurial Potentials of Snail Marketing in Enugu State Questionnaire (EPOSMEQ). The instrument was face validated by three lecturers of entrepreneurship programme. Cronbach Alpha method was used to check the reliability of the instrument which yielded an overall reliability coefficient of 0.89. The researcher with the help of six research assistants distributed 60 questionnaires through direct contact and all were correctly filled and retrieved. Mean was used to answer and analyze data while standard deviation was used to check for closeness of the mean to each other. Real limit of numbers was used to take decision on the research question. The findings of the study revealed that 4 out of 15 identified entrepreneurial skills of place in marketing were practiced to great extent and all identified measures to promote acquisition of entrepreneurial potentials of marketing were required by snail farmers and sellers in Enugu State. The study concluded and recommended that Provision of snail market information and snail marketing advocacy should be prioritized by all stakeholders.
Keywords: Snail, Entrepreneurial potential, Entrepreneur, Marketing and Marketing place
Patricia Ebele Oshebor, Tambari Mtormabari Deebom (PhD), Okwu Francis Bogbula
Abstract
The study examined strategies in implementing inclusive education for entrepreneurship skill development among
Educational Management students in Rivers State University. Three research questions were answered while
corresponding null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significant. The study employs descriptive
research survey design. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select only final year students who have
offered some entrepreneurship trade courses while purposive sampling technique was to select 90 students
consisting of 34 male and 56 female final students who offered the same entrepreneurship trade courses which was
used for the study. The instrument for data collection was a self-structured questionnaire tagged “Entrepreneurship
Strategies for Inclusive Skill Development Questionnaire” and designed in a four-point modified rating scale of
agreement. The instrument was validated and tested for reliability using test-retest method. A reliability coefficient
of 0.86 was established for the study through Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Data collected were analysed
using mean with standard deviation for research questions and the null hypotheses were tested with z-test. The
study found that practical strategies, school-industry collaboration and supervisory strategies were strategies found
effective in implementing inclusive education for entrepreneurship skill development among Educational
Management students in Rives State University, Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended
among others that university should ensure that inclusive system of education is prioritize when creating a linkage
between the school and the industry. This will allow full integration of the disabled students to actively participate in
the training period. The university should form a supervisory team whose members must have a disabled person(s)
as this will serve as a model for the disabled students and also for inclusive education.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Development, Inclusive, Skills and Strategies
ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN CREATIVE ARTS: THE NIGERIAN PERSPECTIVE
Ubani, Nnaemeka Chidozie, Attah Magnus Ndubuisi, Obiuwevbi Onome Chinomso & David Kalu Opara
Abstract
Entrepreneurship is a dependable approach to skill development, job creation, poverty reduction, and employment generation all over the globe. This paper focused on entrepreneurship in creative arts such as basketry, weaving, cloth dyeing, and ceramics. The paper also identified how entrepreneurship education in the creative art areas can effectively sustain the livelihood of the artist (the entrepreneur) and provide job opportunities for the society. The paper concluded that the Nigerian unemployment problem will be a thing of the past, if proper attention is given to entrepreneurship education in the creative arts. The artist for instance can produce mats, vases, pots, cane weaving, and apply pigments on textile materials such as yarns, fibers, and fabrics which is a means to generate employment opportunities for a sustainable development in Nigeria. This paper recommended that the government at all levels should encourage creative art through adequate supports and funding. It further recommended the provision of specific human capital development programmes through workshops, seminars, and conferences for business educators and lecturers.
Keywords: Entrepreneur, Entrepreneurship, Creative Art, Perspective
Ukpong, Godwin U. & Mbam, Onyediachi J.
Abstract
The study was designed to determine the effect of oyster mushroom strains on growth performance: Implication for commercial mushroom enterprise in Nigeria. The study was done at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Agricultural Education, Federal College of Education (Technical) Omoku, Rivers State. The experimental design adopted was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two (2) treatments (oyster and oyster king) mushroom strains each replicated three (3) times and the duration of the experiment was 150 days. The substrate used was saw dust blocks in a building (indoor cultivation method), the saw dust was treated with heat before storing in thirty (30) cm long and seven (7) cm diameter polythene bags. The spawn preparation was done for two strains in a dark room and stored in air tight bottles for cultivation. Measurements were taken on rate of colonization, rate of sprouting, rate of fruiting and fresh harvested mushroom weight yield. Data were analysized using mean and hypotheses were tested using t-test analysis. It was observed that the two strains of Pleurotus differ in rate of colonization, oyster strain took less than 21days to completely colonize the block, and rate of sprouting was 100% at 90 days and rate of fruiting was 92% at the end of the experiment. The results showed that there was significant difference in the rate of colonization, sprouting rate, rate of fruiting and fresh harvested mushroom weight yield (p=0.05). It was concluded that with saw dust block as substrate oyster strain performs better than oyster king. It was recommended that oyster strain should be used for commercial mushroom production in Nigeria.
Keywords: oyster, mushroom, enterprise, colonization, fruiting